ᐅ What does a "typical" electrical installation look like?

A question that has been on my mind lately, and one I haven’t been able to clarify yet since I don’t have an electrician, is the following: What does a “standard” electrical installation (not KNX or similar systems) look like during the shell construction phase when the cables are routed inside empty conduit on the rough subfloor? Let’s assume that in room X there are 6 electrical outlets, 1 light fixture with a switch, and 1 switch for an electric roller shutter. Does a single cable run from the distribution panel into room X and then get distributed throughout the room via flush-mounted boxes? Or do the cables run individually from each load back to the distribution board? So, in this example, would there be 2 cables for the two switches and 1 cable for the six outlets wired in series? Is this approach repeated from room to room, or are separate cables grouped together at some point?

You could clearly say "it depends."
For a standard room, you will usually have one circuit for outlets and one for lighting/shutters.
However, you might also combine, for example, children's rooms or need multiple outlet circuits for the kitchen.

And are these cables then brought together in a flush-mounted box and run to the distribution cabinet in the utility room? Or are the cables laid directly to the utility room without a flush-mounted box?

e. By flush-mounted box, I mean a junction box.

That’s generally no longer done; instead, the outlets are connected in series.

Okay, I understand that you connect or daisy-chain the outlets, but I have one last question. If you daisy-chain the outlets from two rooms and connect them to a single circuit breaker, and I want to turn off the breaker in room 1 to work on an outlet there, does that automatically cut off power to room 2 as well because everything is on the same breaker?

This is how it looks visually:



As Lumpi already mentioned, simply extend the diagram by adding a number of N sockets, which will then be connected in parallel to the single one by the door.