ᐅ Why do some Billy bookcases change color over time?

Some time ago, I bought a Billy bookshelf from Ikea, and after a few years of use, I’ve noticed that the color has changed – the wood appears somewhat faded or yellowed in certain areas. Now I’m wondering: why do some Billy bookshelves change color over time? Are there specific material properties or external factors that cause this? I am especially interested in whether this is related to the surface finish (such as paint or laminate) or if the wood itself undergoes changes. It would also be helpful to know if Ikea intentionally accounts for these color changes or if they are simply the result of environmental effects and natural aging. Perhaps someone here knows how long one can expect the color of Billy bookshelves to remain consistent and what can be done to minimize discoloration over time!

Color changes in Billy shelves are usually caused by UV exposure, meaning sunlight. The laminate or paint layer fades, and the wood underneath discolors. Additionally, humidity and heat can affect the material. If the shelf is placed near a sunny window, the effect becomes more pronounced. Protection from direct sunlight is the most effective solution.

Gloriagl10 schrieb:
Color changes in Billy bookcases are usually caused by UV exposure, meaning sunlight.

This is definitely an important factor, but I would like to explain it in more detail. Billy bookcases are usually made from particleboard with a melamine foil or a lacquer layer as surface coating. These materials are generally quite susceptible to photochemical reactions when exposed to UV radiation for extended periods. The chemical bonds in the color pigments gradually break down, leading to fading and color shifts.

Besides UV light, temperature fluctuations also play a role: heat accelerates chemical reactions and increases the release of plasticizers, so the foil or lacquer can change over time. Another factor is humidity, as moisture combined with heat can cause micro-changes in the material and the detachment of the adhesive layer between the foil and the particleboard.

It is also interesting that IKEA uses cost-effective materials in the production process that are durable but not fully lightfast. Therefore, discolorations after several years should be considered normal.

I am curious if your bookcase is located in a place with strong sunlight, temperature fluctuations, or high humidity? That could explain the extent of the discoloration. Also, have you checked if only the surface is affected or if the wood underneath has changed as well?

Nathanaelk schrieb:
The Billy shelves are usually made of particleboard with a melamine foil or a lacquer layer as surface coating.

Exactly, that’s the key point. I can add that IKEA often uses melamine resin-coated particleboard rather than lacquered, because it is affordable and durable.

While the melamine resin protects the board from scratches, it is sensitive to UV light. Over the years, chemical degradation of the surface occurs, which appears as yellowing or fading.

It should also be mentioned that product standards do not fully guarantee protection against color changes in long-term use. Manufacturers generally expect furniture to develop some “wear and tear” over time, including color changes, especially with budget furniture.

A tip for prevention: place furniture away from direct sunlight as much as possible, regularly wipe off dust, minimize moisture, and, if needed, apply a protective furniture polish (without harsh chemicals).

This is not a perfect solution but helps improve the longevity of the color.